THE THEORY OF THE STATE IN MARX

BONAPARTISM AS THE PRINCIPLE AND FOUNDATION OF THE PREVENTIVE COUNTER-REVOLUTION

Abstract

The aimis to develop the analysis of the Marxian trilogy: i. The Class Struggles in France 1848-1850 (1850); ii. The Eighteenth Brumaireof Louis Napoleon (1852); iii. The Civil War in France (1871), as a way of analyzing the complex social relation shipe stablished between capitalism, social classes and the State. From there ading and immanent analysis of the works, a complex and sophisticated Theory of the State and Democracy can be extracted. Thus, the central issues of his theory emerge, among which the social phenomenon of the crisis of hegemony (domination and direction) and the need for a temporary suspension of the parliamentary method and its replacement, via the Coup d'État, by a State of Exception. In this sense, in a transitory way, the consensus State gives way to the force State (militarization of its institutions), in such a way as to submit and control the institutions of civil-bourgeois society (Bürgerliche Gesellschaft). In summary, it can be said that the trilogy poses the following question: what would be the role of the working class in the democratic revolution?