Comportamento de crianças e adolescentes em relação ao tempo de tela em Porto Velho, Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36311/jhgd.v31.11103Palavras-chave:
criança, adolescente, tempo de tela, escolaResumo
Introdução: Em estudos direcionados a crianças e adolescentes, o comportamento sedentário tem sido usualmente representado pela exposição aos comportamentos de tela, que compreendem as medidas (unificadas ou distintas) do tempo de televisão, videogame, tablets, aparelhos celulares e computador.
Objetivo: Investigar a prevalência e os fatores associados ao tempo de tela em crianças e adolescentes.
Método: Estudo transversal de base escolar, com 1471 escolares de 9 a 18 anos, sendo 51,3% do sexo masculino pertencentes às escolas públicas (55,6%) do ensino fundamental de Porto Velho, Rondônia. O tempo excessivo de tela foi definido como assistir televisão, usar o computador e jogar videogames por mais de duas horas diárias. Análise utilizada foi regressão de Poisson para obtenção das razões de prevalências brutas e ajustadas e seus respectivos IC95%.
Resultados: A prevalência geral de exposição de tempo de tela maior que duas horas diárias foi de 65,9%. Após ajustes, o risco à exposição de tempo de tela foi maior no sexo masculino RP = 1,51 (IC95%: 1,08 – 1,92), idade menor ou igual a 14 anos RP = 1,69 (IC95%: 1,48 – 1,92), graus de ensino 5ª ano RP=1,41 (IC95%: 1,02 – 1,89), 6ª ano RP=1,44 (IC95%: 1,06 – 1,97) e 7ª ano RP = 1,52 (IC95%: 1,09 – 2,13), frequentar as aulas de educação física menos ou igual a duas aulas semanais RP = 1,25 (IC95%:1,07 – 1,53), consumir refeições diárias mais de três por dia RP = 2,69 (IC95%:2,14 – 3,37) e ter excesso de gordura RP = 1,51 (IC95%: 1,13 – 2,03).
Conclusão: Os resultados mostraram que a exposição igual ou superior a duas horas de tela diária era alta. Os estudantes mais expostos a este desfecho tiveram as seguintes características: sexo masculino, idade menor ou igual a 14 anos, de quinta, sexta e sétima série do ensino fundamental, praticar aulas de educação física menor ou igual a duas horas semanais, consumir mais de três refeições diárias e estar com excesso de gordura corporal (G%).
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26. Babey SH, Hastert TA, Wolstein J. Adolescent sedentary behaviors: Correlates differ for television viewing andcomputer use. J Adolesc Health. 2013; 52: 70-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.05.001
27. Busschaert C, Cardon G, Van Cauwenberg J, Maes L, Van Damme J, Hublet A, et al. Tracking and predictors of screen time from early adolescence to early adulthood: A 10-year follow-up study. J Adolesc Health. 2015; 56(4): 440-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.11.016
28. Scully M, Dixon H, White V, Beckmann K. Dietary, physical activity and sedentary behaviour among Australian secondary students in 2005. Health Promot Int. 2007; 22(3): 236-45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dam021
29. Guo Q, Wang X. The patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior in Chinese children and adolescents, China Sport Science, 2017 (07): 17–29. DOI:10.16469/j.css.201707003-en
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32. D’Avila GL, Silva DAS, Vasconcelos FAG. Associação entre consumo alimentar, atividade física, fatores socioeconômicos e percentual de gordura corporal em escolares. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 21(4): 1071-1081, 2016. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232015214.13722015
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34. Roman-Viñas B, Chaput JP, Katzmarzyk PT, Fogelholm M, Lambert EV, Maher C, et al. Proportion of children meeting recommendations for 24-hour movement guidelines and associations with adiposity in a 12-country study. Nutrition and Physical Activity (2016) 13: 123. DOI: http://10.1186 / s12966-016-0449-8
35. Cole TJ, Lobstein T. Extended international (IOTF) body mass index cut-offs for thinness, overweight and obesity. Pediatr Obes. 2012; 7: 284-94. DOI: http://doi: 10.1111 / j.2047-6310.2012.00064.x
2. American Academy of Pediatrics. Committee on Public Education. American Academy of Pediatrics: Children, adolescents, and television. Pediatrics. 2001; 107: 423‑6.
3. Lucena JM, Cheng LA, Cavalcante TL, da Silva VA, de Farias Júnior JC. Prevalence of excessive screen time and associated factors in adolescents. Rev Paul Pediatr. 2015; 33(4): 407‑14. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rpped.2015.04.001
4. Tremblay MS, LeBlanc AG, Kho ME, Saunders TJ, Larouche R, Colley RC, et al. Systematic review of sedentary behavior and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Int J BehavNutr Phys Act. 2011; 8(1): 98. DOI: htpp://dx.doi.org/10.1186 / 1479-5868-8-98
5. Schaan CW, Cureau FV, Sbaraini M, Sparrenberger K, Kohl III HW, Schaan BD. Prevalence of excessive screen time and TV viewing among Brazilian adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J. Pediatr. 2019; 95(2): 155-165. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.04.011
6. Guerra PH, Farias Júnior JC, Florindo AA. Comportamento sedentário em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros: revisão sistemática. Rev Saúde Pública 2016; 50:9. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1518-8787.2016050006307
7. Silva KS, Bandeira AS, Santos PC, Malheiros LEA, Sousa ACFC, Barbosa Filho VC. Revisão sistemática do comportamento sedentário na infância e adolescência: análise do ReportCard Brasil 2018. RevBrasCineantropom Desempenho Hum. 2018; 20(4): 415-445. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2018v20n4p415
8. Leblanc AG, Katzmarzyk PT, Barreira TV, Broyles ST, Chaput JP, Church TS, et al. Correlates of Total Sedentary Time and Screen Time in 9-11 Year-Old Children around the World: The International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment. Plos One. 2015; 10(6): e0129622. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0129622
9. IBGE - Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística. Cidades [cited 2018 fev 05] Available from: https://cidades.ibge.gov.br/brasil/ro/panorama
10. Council on Communications Media. Children, adolescents, and the media. Pediatrics. 2013; 132: 958-61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2013-2656
11. de Onís M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Siyam Um, Nishida C, Siekmann J. Development of a WHO growth reference for school-aged children and adolescents. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 2007 (cited 2017 Mar); 85 (9) Available from: DOI: https://10.2471/blt.07.043497
12. Slaughter MH, Lohman TG, Boileau RA, Horswill CA, Stillman RJ, Van Loan MD, Bemben DA. Skinfold equations for estimation of body fatness in children and youth. Hum Biol. 1988; 60(5): 709-23. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41464064
13. Lohman TG. Advances in body composition assessment. Current issues in exercise science series (monograph 3). Champaign, IL: HumanKinetics, 1992.
14. Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa (ABEP). Critério de Classificação Econômica Brasil. [cited 2017 Mar 05] Available from: file:///C:/Users/UNIR/Downloads/01_cceb_2016_11_04_16_final%20(1).pdf
15. Schann CW, Cureau FV, Sbaraini M, Sparrenberger K, Kohl HW, Schann BD. Prevalence of excessive screen time and TV viewing among Brazilian adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. JPediatr.2019; 95(2): 155---165. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2018.04.011
16. Yan H, Zhang R, Oniffrey TM, Chen G, Wang Y, Wu Y, et al. Associations among Screen Time and Unhealthy Behaviors, Academic Performance, and Well-Being in Chinese Adolescents. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2017, 14, 596; DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14060596
17. Ramsey Buchanan L, Rooks-Peck CR, Finnie RK, Wethington HR, Jacob V, Fulton JE et al. Reducing recreational sedentary screen time: a community guide systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2016; 50: 402-15. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2015.09.030
18. Bauer KW, Friend S, Graham DJ, Neumark‑Sztainer D. Beyond screen time: Assessing recreational sedentary behavior among adolescent girls. J Obes. 2012; 2012: 183194. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/183194
19. Rey‑Lopez JP, Vicente‑Rodriguez G, Ortega FB, Ruiz JR, Martinez‑Gomez D, De Henauw S, et al. Sedentary patterns and media availability in European adolescents: The HELENA study. Prev Med. 2010; 51: 50‑5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.03.013
20. Guedes DP, Desiderá RA, Gonçalves HR. Prevalência de tempo de tela excessivo e fatores correlatos em escolares brasileiros. RevBrasAtivFís Saúde. 2018; 23: e0003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.12820/rbafs.23e0003
21. Twengea JM Campell WK. Associations between screen time and lower psychological well-beingamong children and adolescents: Evidence from a population-based study. Preventive Medicine Reports. 12 (2018) 271–283. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmedr.2018.10.003
22. Leatherdale ST, Faulkner G, Arbour-Nicitopoulos K. School and student characteristics associated with screen-time sedentary behavior among students in grades 5-8, Ontario, Canada, 2007-2008. Prev Chronic Dis. 2010; 7(6): A128.
23. Wang H, Zhong J, Hu R, Fiona B, Yu M, Du H. Prevalence of high screen time and associated factors among students: a cross-sectional study in Zhejiang, China. BMJ Open. 2018; 8: e021493. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/ bmjopen-2018-021493
24. Yan H, Zhang R, Oniffrey TM, Chen G, Wang Y, Wu Y, Zhang X, Wang Q, Ma L, Li R, Moore JB. Associations among Screen Time and Unhealthy Behaviors, Academic Performance, and Well-Being in Chinese Adolescents. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health. 2017; 14 (6): E596. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph14060596
25. Brindova D, Pavelka J, Ševčikova A, Zezula I, Dijk JVV, Reijneveld AS, et al. How parents can affect excessive spending time on screen-based activities. BMC Public Health. 2014, 14: 1261. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-1261
26. Babey SH, Hastert TA, Wolstein J. Adolescent sedentary behaviors: Correlates differ for television viewing andcomputer use. J Adolesc Health. 2013; 52: 70-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.05.001
27. Busschaert C, Cardon G, Van Cauwenberg J, Maes L, Van Damme J, Hublet A, et al. Tracking and predictors of screen time from early adolescence to early adulthood: A 10-year follow-up study. J Adolesc Health. 2015; 56(4): 440-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.11.016
28. Scully M, Dixon H, White V, Beckmann K. Dietary, physical activity and sedentary behaviour among Australian secondary students in 2005. Health Promot Int. 2007; 22(3): 236-45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dam021
29. Guo Q, Wang X. The patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior in Chinese children and adolescents, China Sport Science, 2017 (07): 17–29. DOI:10.16469/j.css.201707003-en
30. World Health Organization. Global recommendations on physical activity for health: 5-17 years old. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2011.
31. Tenório MCM, Barros MVG, Tassitano RM, Bezerra J, Tenório JM, Hallal PC. Atividade física e comportamento sedentário em adolescentes estudantes do ensino médio. Rev. Bras. Epidemiol. 2010; 13(1): 105-17. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S1415-790X2010000100010
32. D’Avila GL, Silva DAS, Vasconcelos FAG. Associação entre consumo alimentar, atividade física, fatores socioeconômicos e percentual de gordura corporal em escolares. Ciência & Saúde Coletiva, 21(4): 1071-1081, 2016. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232015214.13722015
33. Brasil. Ministério da Saúde (MS). Secretaria de Atenção a Saúde. Departamento de Atenção Básica. Coordenação Geral da Política de Alimentação e Nutrição. Guia alimentar para a população brasileira: promovendo a alimentação saudável. Brasília: MS; 2008.
34. Roman-Viñas B, Chaput JP, Katzmarzyk PT, Fogelholm M, Lambert EV, Maher C, et al. Proportion of children meeting recommendations for 24-hour movement guidelines and associations with adiposity in a 12-country study. Nutrition and Physical Activity (2016) 13: 123. DOI: http://10.1186 / s12966-016-0449-8
35. Cole TJ, Lobstein T. Extended international (IOTF) body mass index cut-offs for thinness, overweight and obesity. Pediatr Obes. 2012; 7: 284-94. DOI: http://doi: 10.1111 / j.2047-6310.2012.00064.x
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Copyright (c) 2021 Edson dos Santos Farias, Wellington Roberto Gomes de Carvalho, Francisco Naildo Cardoso Leitão, Josivana Pontes dos Santos, Rafael Fonseca de Castro, Orivaldo Florêncio de Souza
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