NEUROFILOSOFIA DA RACIONALIDADE: CRÍTICAS E PROPOSTAS A PARTIR DA FILOSOFIA E DAS NEUROCIÊNCIAS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36311/1984-8900.2014.v6n12.4801Palavras-chave:
Racionalidade, Filosofia, Neurociência, Razão e Motivos, NeurobiologiaResumo
A neurociência visa entender o funcionamento do cérebro e sua influência no comportamento consciente. Achados neurocientíficos recentes sugerem que processos decisórios são causados por eventos neurobiológicos. A partir destes achados, alguns neurocientistas “decidiram” defender a hipótese de que o cérebro seria o real causador das ações. O determinismo neural implícito sugere que “racionalidade” e “consciência” seriam ilusórias. Esta visão vai contra uma concepção clássica de racionalidade. Contudo, aceitar ou não esta nova ideia requer um tipo de racionalidade mínima capaz de estabelecer a verdade ou a falsidade das proposições, e que permite emitir juízos acerca das coisas. Além disso, o alegado novo conhecimento neurocientífico não parece robusto o suficiente para apoiar um argumento em favor da substituição da concepção clássica de racionalidade. Este texto visa discutir a plausibilidade desta argumentação através da análise de três casos paradigmáticos da literatura
neurocientífica e da proposição de um modelo de racionalidade restrita exclusiva do Homo Sapiens.
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