International Human Rights Law and the Accountability of Civil Society Organizations: the case of the INGO accountability charter/accountable now
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36311/2237-7743.2019.v8n1.11.p215Palavras-chave:
International Human Rights Law, Civil Society Organizations, Non-State Actors, Accountability, Human Rights Protection, INGO Accountability Charter, Accountable NowResumo
The central objective of this Paper is to develop an analysis of the position occupied by civil society organizations in International Human Rights Law, specifically in human rights protection at the international level. In this regard, the proposed examination will focus on the discussion regarding the accountability of said organizations, at this level. Introducing, from a historical perspective, the form of interaction of these actors with supranational organizations, it is possible to draw conclusions regarding its legitimacy and its accountability or lack thereof. By drawing on the concept of legitimacy as used in the international sphere, to which the idea of accountability is directly linked, it can be developed certain analytical tools that permit the identification of specific aspects of accountability that are fundamental in understanding the mode of operation of civil society organizations in International Human Rights Law. As a practical example, it is studied the case of the INGO Accountability Charter, currently known as Accountable Now.
Recebido em: agosto/2018.
Aprovado em: dezembro/2018.
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BOYLE, A.; CHINKIN, C. The Making of International Law. Oxford University Press, 2007.
BROWN-WEISS, E. International Law in a Kaleidoscopic World. Asian Journal of International Law. Vol. 1, Nº 1, January 2011, p. 21-32.
BUCHANAN, A; KEOHANE, R.O. The Legitimacy of Global Governance Institutions. Ethics & International Affairs. Vol. 20, N. 4, December 2006, p. 405-437.
CASELLA, P.B.; ACCIOLY, H.; SILVA, G.E.N. Manual de Direito Internacional Público. Saraiva, 2012.
CHARNOVITZ, Steve. Nongovernmental Organizations and International Law. The American Journal of International Law. Vol. 100, N. 2, April 2006, p. 348-372.
COHEN, L.J.; ARATO, A. Civil Society and Political Theory. Cambridge, United States: MIT Press, 1992.
CONVENTION ON THE ELIMINATION OF ALL FORMS OF DISCRIMINATION AGAINST WOMEN. December 18th, 1979. Available at:< http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/cedaw/text/econvention.htm> Access: 11/27/2018.
CRACK. M.A. The Regulation of International NGOS: Assessing the Effectiveness of the INGO Accountability Charter. VOLUNTAS: International Journal of Voluntary and Nonprofit Organizations. Vol. 29, N. 2, April 2018, p. 419-429.
ECOSOC RESOLUTION 1996/31. July 25th, 1996. Available at: <http://www.un.org/documents/ecosoc/res/1996/eres1996-31.htm> Access: 05/31/2018
GRANT, R.W.; KEOHANE, R. O. Accountability and Abuses of Power in World Politics. American Political Science Review. Vol. 99, N. 1, February 2005, p. 29-43.
INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON THE ELIMINATION OF ALL FORMS OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION. December 21st, 1965. Available at: < https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/cerd.aspx> Access: 11/27/2018.
INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON CIVIL AND POLITICAL RIGHTS. December 16th, 1966. Available at: < https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/ccpr.aspx> Access: 11/27/2018.
INTERNATIONAL COVENANT ON ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS. December 16th, 1966. Available at: < https://www.ohchr.org/en/professionalinterest/pages/cescr.aspx> Access: 11/27/2018.
KEOHANE, R.O. The Contingent Legitimacy of Multilateralism. Garnet Working Paper, nº 09, September 2006.
LAVALLE, A.G; BUENO, N. Waves of Change Within Civil Society in Latin America: Mexico City and São Paulo. Politics and Society, 2011, Vol. 39, N. 3, p. 415-450.
MITOMA, G.T. Civil Society and International Human Rights: The Commission to Study the Organization of Peace and the Origins of the UN Human Rights Regime. Human Rights Quarterly. Vol. 30, N. 3, August 2008, p. 607-630.
NEW REPORTING AND ASSESSMENT FRAMEWORK. Accountable Now. Available at: <https://accountablenow.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Accountable-Now-Reporting-and-Assessment-Framework.pdf> Access: 06/16/2018.
ONUMA, Yasuaki. International Law in a Transcivilizational World. Cambridge University Press, 2017.
PEGRAM, T. Global Human Rights Governance and Orchestration: National Human Rights Institutions as Intermediaries. European Journal of International Relations. October 2014.
RAMOS, André de Carvalho. Teoria Geral dos Direitos Humanos. Saraiva, 2005.
SCHOLTE, J.A. Civil Society and Democratically Accountable Global Governance. Government and Opposition. Vol. 39, N. 2, Spring 2004, p. 211-233.
UNITED NATIONS CHARTER. June 26th, 1945. Available at: < http://www.un.org/en/sections/un-charter/un-charter-full-text/> Access: 05/31/2018.
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS. December 10th, 1948. Available at: <https://www.ohchr.org/EN/UDHR/Documents/UDHR_Translations/eng.pdf> Access: 11/27/2018.
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2019-05-02
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FONTENELLE-WEBER, Alexandre. International Human Rights Law and the Accountability of Civil Society Organizations: the case of the INGO accountability charter/accountable now. Brazilian Journal of International Relations, Marília, SP, v. 8, n. 1, p. 215–235, 2019. DOI: 10.36311/2237-7743.2019.v8n1.11.p215. Disponível em: https://revistas.marilia.unesp.br/index.php/bjir/article/view/8914.. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.
