A theoretical exploration of non-State actors and gendered dimensions of conflict prevention/sustainable peacebuilding in West Africa
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36311/2237-7743.2018.v7n2.03.p228Keywords:
Non-State Actors, Conflict, Prevention, Peacebuilding, GenderAbstract
In countries rebuilding from war and violence, women are becoming important voices for peace, rights and inclusion. They are increasingly mobilizing across communities and using their social roles and networks to prevent violence and promote peace. Women individually and collectively contribute to peacebuilding in many ways. Yet, their contributions are often overlooked because they take unconventional forms, occur outside formal peace processes, or are considered extensions of women’s existing gender roles. Even when women do not reach formal positions of power, they have been at the forefront of impactful movements related to global peace and nonviolence. Thus, building inclusive, sustainable, peace in societies affected by violent conflicts requires analysing and addressing gendered power dynamics, as well as gender roles and expectations. This study, therefore, examines the role of non-state actors in conflict prevention, management, and peacebuilding in the West African Sub-region, and seeks to evaluate the relationship among civil society groups, regional and sub-regional organizations from a gender perspective. It specifically investigates the role of women in conflict transformation and peacebuilding and concludes that women must be allowed and encouraged to bring their unique insights and gifts to the process because women and men have different experiences of violence and peace.
Recebido em: abril/2018
Aprovado em: julho/2018
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References
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Stewart, Emma (2003) Conflict Prevention: Consensus or Confusion?, Peace, Conflict and Development, Department of Peace Studies, University of Bradford, Issue 3, (www.peacestudiesjournal.org).
Strickland,Richard and Duvvury, Nata (2003)Gender Equity and Peacebuilding,From Rhetoric to Reality: Finding the Way, A Discussion Paper, Prepared for the Gender Equity and Peacebuilding Workshop with a grant from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Ottawa, Canada
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Wanis-St.John, A., and D. Kew (2006) “The Missing Link? Civil Society, Peace Negotiations: Contributions to Sustained Peace,” paper presented at the 47th Annual Convention of the International Studies Association, San Diego, March 23
World Bank (2006) Civil Society and Peacebuilding: Potential, Limitations and Critical Factors, Available at: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTSOCIALDEVELOPMENT/Resources/244362-1164107274725/3182370-1164110717447/Civil_Society_and_Peacebuilding.pdf
Ajodo-Adebanjoko, Angela (2013) Gender and Conflict Resolution. An International Journal of language, Literature and Gender Studies, Bahir Dar, Ethopia Vol 2(1)1-20
Alaga, Ecoma (2010) Challenges for Women in Peacebuilding in West African. AISA Policy Brief No. 18 page 1-9
Anderlini, Sanam Naraghi (2007) Women Building Peace: What They Do, Why It Matters, (Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers, 2007)
Anderson, M. B., L. Olson, and K. Doughty (2003) Confronting War: Critical Lessons for Peace Practitioners. Cambridge, MA: The Collaborative for Development Action.
Austrian Development Agency (2009)Focus: Women, Gender and Armed Conflicts in ADC, Available at:https://www.oecd.org/dac/gender-development/44896284.pdf
Badmus Isiaka (2009) Explaing Women’s Roles in West African Triplet: Sierra Leone, Liberia and Cote d’Ivoire in Comparative Perspective. Journal of Alternative Perspective in Social Sciences Vol 1, No 3, 808-839
Braude, Wolfe (2015) Efforts on gender in peace and security gain pace, Mail & Guardian, 28 August 13:24
Carnegie Commission for the Prevention of Deadly Conflicts, (1997) Final Report (Executive Summary)
El-Bushra, Judy (2012) Gender in Peacebuilding: Taking stock, International Alert, Available at:http://www.international-alert.org/sites/default/files/Gender_TakingStock_EN_2012.pdf
Fischer, Martina (2011) 'Civil Society in Conflict Transformation: Strengths and Limitations,' in Austin, B., Fischer, M. and Giessmann, H.J., eds. ‘Advancing Conflict Transformation: The Berghof Handbook II’, Barbara Budrich Publishers, Opladen/Framington Hills
Ghali, B. (1992) An Agenda For Peace. United Nations Press
Harders, Cilja (2011) Gender Relations, Violence and Conflict Transformation, Available at:http://www.berghof-foundation.org/fileadmin/redaktion/Publications/Handbook/Articles/harders_handbook.pdf
Jeong, Ho-Won (2005) Peacebuilding in Post-conflict Societies: Strategy and Process, Lynne Rienner Publishers
Kangas, A., Haider, H., and Fraser, E. (2014) Gender: Topic Guide. Revised edition with E. Browne. Birmingham: GSDRC, University of Birmingham, UK
Liezelle Kumalo, (2015) Why women should have a greater role in peacebuilding, Available at:https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2015/05/why-women-should-have-a-greater-role-in-peacebuilding/
Maiese M.(2003). “Peace building”. Beyond Intractability. In G. Burgess and H. Burgess. (Eds.) Conflict information Consortium. [Online] Available:http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/peacebuilding
McCarthy, Mary K. (2011) "Women's Participation in Peacebuilding: A Missing Piece of the Puzzle?" 08 April, CUREJ: College Undergraduate Research Electronic Journal, University of Pennsylvania, http://repository.upenn.edu/curej/132.
Moosa Zohra, Rahmani Mariam and Webster Lee (2013) Does Inclusion of Women in Peacebuilding process make an Important Difference to the process outcome? Gender and Development Journal. Vol. 21, No. 3, p 453 – 472, OXFAM GB
Myrttinen, Henri, Naujoks, Jana and El-Bushra, Judy (2014)Re-Thinking Gender in Peacebuilding, Available at:http://www.international-alert.org/sites/default/files/Gender_RethinkingGenderPeacebuilding_EN_2014.pdf
Nwadinobi Eleanor and Maguire Sarah (2013). The role of Women and Girls in Peace Initative in Nigeria stability and Reconciliation Programme (NSRP). Accessed at www.nsrp-nigeria.org/wp-content/.../2013/05/Women-Peace-and-Security-Study.pdf
Ogege, Samuel (2009) Conflict Resolution and Peacebuilding: The Gender Question in the Niger Delta Crisis in Nigeria. African Research Review. An International multi-disciplinary Journal, Ethiopia. Vol.3(5). 403-415
Paffenholz, Thania (2009) Civil Society and Peacebuilding, Centre on Conflict, Development and Peacebuilding (CCDP) Working Paper Number 4
Parver, Corinne and Rebecca Wolf (2008) “Civil Society's Involvement in Post-Conflict Peacebuilding.” International Journal of Legal Information 36, no. 1 (2008): 51-79.
Peinado, Manuela Mesa (n.d) The Role Of NGOs and The Civil Society In Peace and Reconciliation Processes, Available at:http://www.ceipaz.org/images/contenido/Role%20of%20NGOs%20and%20civil%20society%20in%20peacebuilding.pdf
Reimann, Cordula (2001) Towards Gender Mainstreaming in Crisis Prevention and Conflict Management: Guidelines for the German Technical Co-operation, Available at:http://www.ceipaz.org/images/contenido/Towards%20gender%20mainstreaming%20in%20crisis%20prevention%20and%20conflict%20management_ENG.pdf
Rigby, Andrew (2006)Is there a role for the military in peacebuilding? CCTS Review 32, October
Schirch Lisa and Sewak, Manjrika (2005)The Role of Women in Peacebuilding, Available at:https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Peacebuilding_Manual/Women%27s_Role_in_Peacebuilding
Shulika, Lukong (2016) Women and Peacebuilding: From Historical to Contemporary Perspectives. Ubuntu: Journal of Conflict and social Transformation. Vol.5 (1). 7 - 31
Stewart, Emma (2003) Conflict Prevention: Consensus or Confusion?, Peace, Conflict and Development, Department of Peace Studies, University of Bradford, Issue 3, (www.peacestudiesjournal.org).
Strickland,Richard and Duvvury, Nata (2003)Gender Equity and Peacebuilding,From Rhetoric to Reality: Finding the Way, A Discussion Paper, Prepared for the Gender Equity and Peacebuilding Workshop with a grant from the International Development Research Centre (IDRC), Ottawa, Canada
Svanström, Nicklas & Weissmann, Mikael (2005) Conflict, Conflict Prevention and Conflict Management and Beyond: A Conceptual Exploration, Central AsiaCaucasus Institute and Silk Road Studies Program, Uppsala University.
Wanis-St.John, A., and D. Kew (2006) “The Missing Link? Civil Society, Peace Negotiations: Contributions to Sustained Peace,” paper presented at the 47th Annual Convention of the International Studies Association, San Diego, March 23
World Bank (2006) Civil Society and Peacebuilding: Potential, Limitations and Critical Factors, Available at: http://siteresources.worldbank.org/EXTSOCIALDEVELOPMENT/Resources/244362-1164107274725/3182370-1164110717447/Civil_Society_and_Peacebuilding.pdf
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Published
2018-09-17
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Artigos
How to Cite
OMILUSI, Mike; JEGEDE, Lucy Iyabo. A theoretical exploration of non-State actors and gendered dimensions of conflict prevention/sustainable peacebuilding in West Africa. Brazilian Journal of International Relations, Marília, SP, v. 7, n. 2, p. 228–247, 2018. DOI: 10.36311/2237-7743.2018.v7n2.03.p228. Disponível em: https://revistas.marilia.unesp.br/index.php/bjir/article/view/8201.. Acesso em: 22 nov. 2024.
