Política Externa e Neoconservadorismo
uma análise comparativa entre os governos George W. Bush e de Donald Trump
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36311/2237-7743.2021.v10n2.p465-497Palavras-chave:
Política Externa, Neoconservadorismo, Coalizões, George W. Bush, Donald TrumpResumo
O presente estudo realiza uma análise comparativa entre a política externa de George W. Bush e de Donald Trump de forma a explicar as diferenças e semelhanças na implementação de uma doutrina de política externa entre ambos. Para tal, recorre-se ao estado da arte em Análise de Política Externa e Tomada de Decisão em Política Externa. Argumenta-se que a constituição de coalizões domésticas e a variação no Sistema Internacional explicam adequadamente a condução geral da política externa por um governo. O governo de George W. Bush, sustentado por uma coalizão coesa, necessária para a materialização de uma doutrina de política externa, é caracterizado pelo neoconservadorismo em sua atuação internacional. No presente estudo, sustenta-se que Donald Trump não possuí uma doutrina de política externa própria. Tal fato deve-se à dificuldade do governo de formar uma coalizão que consiga mobilizar a sociedade e extrair os recursos necessários em torno de uma estratégia bem definida. A ascensão da China e o retorno da Rússia como potências adversárias aprofunda ainda mais a disputa interna do establishment norte-americano dividido entre as estratégias de engagement e restraint.
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