Research methodology topics: Cohort studies or prospective and retrospective cohort studies

Authors

  • Luís Marcelo Aranha Camargo Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Monte Negro, Rondônia/ Departamento de Medicina, Centro Universitário São Lucas, Porto Velho, Rondônia/ Centro de Pesquisas em Medicina Tropical, Porto Velho, Rondônia/ Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia EpiAmo/Rondônia/ Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciência da Saúde na Amazônia Ocidental, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Acre
  • Romeu Paulo Martins Silva Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciência da Saúde na Amazônia Ocidental, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Acre/ Centro de Ciências da Saúde e do Desporto, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Acre
  • Dionatas Ulises de Oliveira Meneguetti Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Ciência da Saúde na Amazônia Ocidental, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Acre/ Colégio de Aplicação, Universidade Federal do Acre, Rio Branco, Acre

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.v29.9543

Keywords:

Cohort, Longitudinal Study, Follow-up

Abstract

In health sciences, the epidemiological method can be divided into descriptive and analytical epidemiology and the latter being divided into observational (cross-sectional study, case-control study and cohort study) and experimental studies. Cohort studies may be retrospective or prospective, and both assume that the researcher will follow a population over time to seek a possible association between exposure (s) and outcome(s). These types of studies have as advantages the possibility of measuring several exposure factors and outcomes, both primary and secondary, for both relatively frequent outcomes and rare exposure factors. However, they are often long and therefore expensive studies. They have as main biases those of selection, memory and information. These are studies that may point to statistical associations between exposure and outcome that need other models to prove the casualty of these associations.

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References

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Published

2019-12-12

Issue

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLES