Fractality and chaotic behavior of heart rate variability as hypotension predictors after spinal anesthesia: Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

Authors

  • Hermes Melo Teixeira Batista Laboratório de Delineamento e Escrita Científica, Centro Universitário Saúde ABC – Santo André (SP), /Departmento de Anestesiologia, Hospital Universitário Júlio Bandeira (HUJB) – Cajazeiras (PB), /Faculdade de Medicina Estácio de Juazeiro do Norte (Estácio FMJ) – Juazeiro do Norte (CE)
  • Gylmara Bezerra de Menezes Silveira Hospital Regional do Cariri (ISGH) – Juazeiro do Norte (CE)
  • Marcelo Ferraz Campos Laboratório de Delineamento e Escrita Científica, Centro Universitário Saúde ABC – Santo André (SP)
  • Juliana Spat Carlesso Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica. Centro Universitário Saúde ABC. Santo André. São Paulo
  • Vítor Engracia Valenti Departmento de Terapia da Fala e Audiologia, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências (UNESP) – Marília (SP)
  • Rodrigo Daminello Raimundo Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica. Centro Universitário Saúde ABC. Santo André. São Paulo
  • Andrés Ricardo Pérez Riera Laboratório de Delineamento de Estudos e Escrita Científica. Centro Universitário Saúde ABC. Santo André. São Paulo

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.7322/jhgd.v29.9433

Keywords:

spinal anesthesia, autonomic nervous system, heart rate, recovery room post anesthetic, sympathic block, hypotension

Abstract

Introduction: All drugs and techniques that induce the anesthetic state act in some way in the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS). The administration of local anesthetics in the subarachnoid space produces motor, sensitive and sympathetic block, with latencies and variable and independent block levels. The motor block is the first to install, followed by the sympathetic and the sensitive. Sympathetic blockage affects 2 to 6 dermatomes above the sensory block. The recovery of spinal anesthesia is assessed through a scale defined in 1979 by Bromage and is based exclusively on the return of motor function and does not take into account the recovery of ANS activity. The persistence of sympathetic block may imply a higher incidence of urinary retention, bradycardia and hypotension. Objective: To assess cardiac autonomic modulation during perioperative hypotension caused by subarachnoid anesthesia. Methods: A randomised, double-blind clinical trial will be performed in a large hospital located in the southern region of Ceará, Brazil and at the HUJB in Cajazeiras, Paraíba. Sixty patients from the anaesthesia outpatient clinic were enrolled. Patients were divided into two groups: one group received Bupivacaine with clonidine, and the other group received only bupivacaine at a dose of 15 mg. The sample consisted of 60 ASA patients I to III, submitted to orthopedic surgery of lower limbs and lower abdomen under spinal anesthesia. The Heart Rate Variability will be evaluated in three moments: rest, before anesthesia; 20 min after the blockade was installed, and at the time of motor function recovery according to the Bromage criteria and prognostic indices will be evaluated in the development of perioperative hypotension in two groups. Linear methods will be used in the frequency domain and nonlinear in chaos domain, Poincaré plot, approximate entropy, Detrended Fluctuation Analysis (DFA) and Correlation Dimension. The data will be collected through a Polar V800® heart rate meter and properly submitted for analysis and filtering by Kubios 3.0® software. Discussion: In the literature we find data evaluating the installation of sympathetic block through HRV using linear methods however, there is a lack of studies using methods based on the domain of chaos. Some studies address the value of HRV as a predictor of hypotension following subarachnoid anesthesia, mainly using linear methods in the frequency domain. It is understood to be important to analyze these factors using methods already validated in the domain of chaos, complexity and fractality, more compatible with the complexity of the behavior of biological systems, in the characterization of the autonomic function during the subarachnoid anesthesia. Registry: The clinical trial was registered in the Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (ReBEC) under the number RBR-4Q53D6.

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Published

2019-11-05

Issue

Section

ORIGINAL ARTICLES